1. There are differences between “hearing” and “listening”.  I would say that “hearing” is a process that comes naturally. It was a passive process that people usually don’t make an effort. It doesn’t need concentration. On the other hand, “listening” needs our effort to do it such as paying attention. We can hear someone is talking, yet we might not listen to them. Clearly, people always make choices about what we listen to. Moreover, I would say music taste might tell us about what is social class or gender of whom that listening to that kind of music.

2. According to the podcast, ways of hearing episode 2, Schafer and Krukowski discussed that there were relationships between sound and space. They took us to “CBGB” which was the old club in East village’s manhattan. This place had its own meaning as a special space because it was a space that shared sound when musicians performed.  Moreover, they talked about sound and space in the 1920s. The reason they talked bout this year was because it was a very noisy year. Technology, including Subway, was developed ver fast. This made New York City become so loud. Many people, who shared the same space, had a hard time dealing with noisy sounds every day. So, the quiet zone was invented. It was a precious space for people who want to escape those unpleasant sounds. Gentrification was one of the factors that made the city get noisier. Schafer and Krukowski also discussed to radio city music hall. They stated that this was the first hall to emphasize the sound. It was just like CBGB, that this was the space that was built for the purpose of the sound. Clearly, there is a significant relationship between sound and space.

1. What do you take the differences between “hearing” and “listening” to be? Do we make choices about what we listen to? If so, how do we make these choices? What criteria do we use? Do structural features, such as race, gender, or social class, inform how we listen? How so? Are there other structural elements that affect our listening experiences?
2. How do Schafer and Krukowski discuss the relationship between sound and space?

Newspaper and magazine editors are selecting the photos to publish that depict black people as victims and succumbing to white violence as opposed to them fighting for their rights because they want everyone to see what is actually happening to black people and how terrible they are treated because of their race. Although I agree with Berger and how the media tends to show more of black people as victims, I think death would give more attention to everyone more than to show black people protesting unfortunately. It is important to show everyone how much white people are treating black people, it is also very powerful to see photographs of black people uniting together to stand up for themselves and their rights.

Ralph  Ellison describes how the sound of the city is annoying as he is a writer and needs his peace to work . one of the things he also describes the noises and sound he has to put up with in his apartment particularly the upstairs neighbor and how her singing affects him being able to write.Ralph Ellison  goes on to state he made a machine and had battles of decibels with her and how she was a good sport about items it didn’t hinder her creativity .He talks about his child hood and his love for music and then comes to realize can he bother this artist for he too is a artist of writing .In the end his love for music return.

in the first sentence I believe he means you live with your love for music or die  listening to the noises of NYC.

the point of comparison in sound scape is that noise is pollution like in Ralph Ellisons book and that music is becoming more modern

I quite agree with Martin Berger’s argument that the media tries to portray Black Americans as victims instead of standing up for their rights. Usually, black people were oppressed by society, which was shaped by news, TV, or magazines. Many of black people’s photos were taken and published by people who held the power (journalists/photographers). These journalists/photographers have the ability to filter, pick and share stories/photos to publicity. Whatever they choose to publish, the world acknowledges them. I think this is one of the biggest reasons that in the past black people usually played the victim role in society. However, the incident that happened to George Floyd has changed the position of many black people. They protest, express their feeling, and don’t want to be oppressed anymore. The world looks up to them as people who stand up for their rights, not the victim like in the past. Time changed, the way that people seeing has changed also.

I agree with Bergers argument. I am a witness as well as everyone else on social media of black people being portrayed as victims rather than standing up for their rights. In magazines and newspapers white people make it about themselves to portray an image of power rather than portraying both black and white sides of the story. It’s truly a sad conception that these photographers have created. They have made people believe through the years. that this is how it should be. They conditioned people to this way of life. All this does is hurt our world and continue to support racism.

I would say what Martin Berger said about how black people are portrayed is true. I do agree that how the media shows African Americans is either being victims, vulnerable or trying to get the rights they deserve. There’s always going to be media’s that show white people how black people are always sectionized, always trying to have something to speak up for, then leading to massive protest and marches just to receive decency in our society.